Dr. S. Nagarajan

Principal Scientist

M.V.Sc., Ph.D., Animal Biotechnology

Email : s[dot]nagarajan[at]icar[dot]gov[dot]in

Achievements

  1. Invited by European Commission as Independent expert for evaluating proposals submitted under H2020 – BHC-32 topic: Towards a next generation influenza vaccine to protect citizens worldwide – an EU-India collaboration.
  2. Played a major role in the development and standardization of a complete range of tests for diagnosis and identification of the subtype of the avian influenza virus because of which the lab has been recognized as OIE referral laboratory for Avian influenza and National Referral Facility for Avian influenza in India by DADF, MOA, GOI.
  3. Isolation and characterization of avian influenza virus (H5N1 and H9N2 subtypes) among Indian poultry for the first time in India.
  4. Development of NP gene based reverse transcription PCR for diagnosis of AIV infection in clinical samples.
  5. Development of AGID diagnostic reagents for diagnosis of avian influenza which reduced the dependence of imported antigens and antisera for serological surveillance.
  6. Pathogenic characterization of Indian avian influenza viruses.
  7. Assessment of native Indian breeds for susceptibility to highly pathogenic avian influenza.
  8. Diagnosis of avian influenza (H7 subtype) antibodies in pigeon imported from Saudi Arabia and preventing the entry of the disease in to the country.
  9. Diagnosis of MCF in imported bull samples and samples from Indian livestock by PCR.
  10. Standardization of Southern hybridization with designed nucleic acid probes for use of diagnosis of Caprine arthritis and encephalitis virus infection.

Trainings conducted/organized : 8

Awards and Recognitions

  1. Invited as National Reference Expert for the NAIP sponsored National Training on "Biosecurity in Livestock and Poultry Health" at Central University Laboratory, CHAS, TANUVAS, Chennai (19 December, 2011- 01 January, 2012).
  2. Norman E Borlaug Fellowship under Indo US Agriculture Knowledge Initiative for training under the area of avian influenza diagnostics and vaccines.
  3. Dr. R. Eswaran Memorial prize for the Best Ph. D. Student of Madras Veterinary College in the subject of Animal Biotechnology.
  4. S.K.M. Animal Feeds and Foods (India) Ltd. Gold Medal for the best M. V. Sc., Student in Avian Studies.
  5. Mudalipatti V. Ponnusamy Gounder Memorial Award for performance in the B. V. Sc. –PSc., LPM, DSc., ANN, AGB examination.
  6. Best poster award for the poster titled “Pathogenic characterization of a H9N2 avian influenza virus isolated from a migratory water coot” in International conference on Protecting Animal Health and Indian Association of Veterinary microbiologists, immunologists and specialists in Infectious Diseases, Raipur, India. January, 27-29, 2010.
  7. Best poster award for the poster titled “Isolation and Characterization of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (H5N1) in India” presented in International Conference on “Advanced Veterinary Practice in Medicine and Surgery – Augmenting Health and Production” held on 21-25 June, 2006 at Madras Veterinary College, Chennai.
  8. Senior Research Fellow of Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India.
  9. Appreciation letter from Subject Matter Division of ICAR and Director IVRI for work on avian influenza.
  10. Invited as external subject expert for the M. Tech counseling at Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidhyalaya, Bhopal.
  11. Member of the committee for development of software for Avian flu Monitoring System by DADF, MOA, Krishi Bhawan, New Delhi with World Bank funding.

Publication

  1. Kumar, M., Nagarajan, S., Murugkar, H. V., Saikia, B., Singh, B., Mishra, A., Tripathi, S. K., Agarwal, S., Shukla, S., Kulkarni, D. D., Singh, V.P. and Tosh, C. (2018). Emergence of novel reassortant H6N2 avian influenza viruses in ducks in India. Infection Genetics and Evolution, 61: 20-23.
  2. Dash, S. K., Kumar, M., Kataria, J. M., Nagarajan, S., Tosh, C., Murugkar, H. V., K. Rajukumar., S. Kalaiyarasu., D. Senthil Kumar and Kulkarni, D. D. (2018). Induction profiles of mRNA of toll like receptors and cytokines in chickens pre-exposed to low pathogenic avian influenza H9N2 virus followed by challenge with highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus. Microbial Pathogenesis, 117: 200-205.
  3. Pathak, A. P., Murugkar, H. V., Nagarajan, S., Sood, R., Tosh, C., Kumar, M., Athira C. K. and Kumar, P. A. 2017. Survivability of low pathogenic (H9N2) avian influenza virus in water in presence of Atyopsis moluccensis (Bamboo shrimp). Zoonoses Public Health DOI:10.1111/zph.12420.
  4. Vasudevan G, Vanamayya PR, Nagarajan S, Rajukumar K, Suba S, Venketash G, Tosh C, Sood R, Nissly RH and Kuchipudi SV (2017) Infectious dose-dependent accumulation of live highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus in chicken skeletal muscle - implications for public health, Zoonoses Public Health DOI: 10.1111/zph.12406.
  5. Nagarajan, S., Kumar, M., Murugkar, H. V., Tripathi, S., Shukla, S., Agarwal, S., Dubey, G., Nagi, R. S.., Singh, V. P. and Tosh, C. 2017. Novel Reassortant Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (H5N8) Virus in Zoos, India. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 23(4):717-719.
  6. Bhat, S., Nagarajan, S., Kumar, M., Murugkar, H.V., S., Venkatesh, G. and Tosh, C. 2017. Antigenic characterization of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses isolated from poultry in India, 2006-2015. Arch. Virol.162(2): 487–494.
  7. Kalaiyarasu, S., Kumar, M., Kumar, D. S., Bhatia, S., Dash, S. K., Bhat, S., Khetan, R. K. and Nagarajan, S. 2016. Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus induced cytokine dysregulation with suppressed maturation of chicken monocyte derived dendritic cells.MicrobiolImmunol. 60(10): 687–693.
  8. Das, B. R., Kumar, M., Murugkar, H. V., Nagarajan, S., SenthilKumar, D., Kalaiyarasu, S., Kulkarni, D. D. and Tosh, C. 2016. Experimental inoculation of a crow derived influenza A (H5N1) virus in chickens and its pathological and genetic characterization. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 86 (3): 238–242.
  9. Redda, Y. T., Venkatesh, G., Kalaiyarasu, S., Bhatia, S., Senthil Kumar, D., Nagarajan, S., Pillai, A., Tripathi, S.,Kulkarni, D. D. and Dubey, S. C. 2016: Expression and purification of recombinant H5HA1 protein of H5N1 avian influenza virus in E.coli and its application in indirect ELISA. J. Immunoassay Immunochemistry 37 (4): 346-358.
  10. Jacob, A., Sood, R., Chanu, K. V., Bhatia, S., Khandia, R., Pateriya, A.K., Nagarajan, S., Dimri, U. and Kulkarni, D.D. 2016. Amantadine resistance among highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (H5N1) isolated from India. Microbial Pathogenesis. 91: 35-40.
  11. Nagaraja, K. H., Murugkar, H. V., Huchhegowda, K. H., Kumar, M., Tosh, C., Bhatia, S., Nagarajan, S., Kumar, A. 2016. Distribution of Highly Pathogenic (H5N1) Avian Influenza Virus in Meat from Experimentally Infected Chicken and Ducks. Journal of Veterinary Public Health 13 (1): 47-50.
  12. Tosh, C., Nagarajan, S., Kumar, M., Murugkar, H. V., Venkatesh, G., Shukla, S., Mishra, A., Mishra, P., Agarwal, S., Singh, B., Dubey, P., Tripathi, S. and Kulkarni, D. D. 2016. Multiple introductions of a reassortant H5N1 avian influenza virus of clade 2.3.2.1c with PB2 gene of H9N2 subtype into Indian poultry. Infection, Genetics and Evolution 43: 173–178.
  13. Dash, S. K., Kumar, M., Kataria, J. M., Nagarajan, S., Tosh, C., Murugkar, H. V. and Kulkarni, D. D. 2016. Partial heterologous protection by low pathogenic H9N2 virus against natural H9N2-PB1 gene Reassortant highly pathogenic H5N1 virus in chickens. 2016. Microbial Pathogenesis 95: 157-165.
  14. Dash SK, Kumar M, Kataria JM, Tosh C, Murugkar HV, Rajukumar K, Kulkarni DD, Nagarajan S. 2015. Experimental assessment of pathogenicity and infectivity of H9N2 influenza virus isolated from a natural outbreak. Indian Journal of Veterinary Pathology. 39: 221-225.
  15. Behera, P., Nagarajan, S., Murugkar, H.V., Kalaiyarasu, S., Prakash, A., Gothalwal, R., Dubey, S.C., Kulkarni, D.D. and Tosh, C. 2015. siRNAs targeting PB2 and NP genes potentially inhibit the replication of the highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus. Journal of Biosciences. 40(2): 233-240.
  16. Dinesha, K. N., Nagarajan, S., Kumar, M., Behera, P., Jain, R., Pandey, M., Tosh, C., Murugkar, H. V. and Dubey, S. C. 2015. Characterization of H9N2 avian influenza virus isolated from a chicken co-infected with H5N1 virus. Journal of Veterinary Public Health 12 (1): 25-29.
  17. Suba S, Nagarajan S, Saxena VK, Kumar M, Vanamayya PR, Rajukumar K, Gowthaman V, Jain V, Singh DP, Dubey SC (2015) Pathology of a H5N1, highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, in two Indian native chicken breeds and a synthetic broiler line. Indian J Exp Biol. 53:202-7.
  18. Tosh C, Nagarajan S, Murugkar HV, Bhatia S, Kulkarni DD (2014). Evolution and Spread of Avian Influenza H5N1 Viruses. Advances in Animal and Veterinary Sciences 2 (4S): 33 – 41. (Review article).
  19. Athira CK, Murugkar HV, Kumar M, Nagarajan S, Tosh C, Bhatia S, Rajukumar K and Kumar, A (2015). Evaluation of elution methods for recovery of highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) virus from infected duck feathers. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 85 (12): 1303–1305.
  20. Tosh, C., Nagarajan, S., Murugkar, H. V., Kumar, M., Pandey, M., Jolhe, D. K., Tripathi, S., Shukla, S., Ved, N., Mishra, A., Ghosh, R. C. and Kulkarni, D. D. 2014. Emergence of Val27Ala mutation in M2 protein associated with amantadine resistance in highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 viruses in India. Acta Virologica 58: 389 – 392.
  21. Das, B. B., Tosh, C., Kumar, M., Nagarajan, S., Murugkar, H. V., Shukla, S., Tripathi, S., Mishra, A. and Kulkarni, D. D. 2014. Isolation and Genetic Characterization of Influenza A (Subtype H5N1) Virus from Crows in India. Advances in Animal and Veterinary Sciences 2 (11): 620-624.
  22. Qureshi, M., Tosh, C., Nagarajan, S., Murugkar, H.V., Jain, R., Kulkarni, D.D. (2013). Molecular characterization of H5N1 avian influenza virus isolated in Tripura, 2011. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 83(5): 521-524.
  23. Kurmi, B., Murugkar, H. V., Nagarajan, S., Tosh, C., Dubey, S. C. and Manoj Kumar. 2013. Survivability of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus in poultry faeces at different temperatures. Indian Journal of Virology. 24: 272-277.
  24. Nagarajan, S. 2013. Economic Importance of H9N2 Avian Influenza in Asia and its Control. Asian Poultry Magazine. January/February, 2013.
  25. Nagarajan, S., Tosh, C., Peiris, J. S. M., Murugkar, H. V., Sridevi, R., Kumar, M., Katare, M., Jain, R., Syed, Z., Behera, P., Cheung, C. L., Khandia, R., Tripathi, S., Yi Guan and Dubey, S. C. 2012. Avian Influenza (H5N1) virus of clade 2.3.2 in domestic poultry in India. PLoS One 7(2):e31844 doi:10.1371/ journal.pone.0031844. Published online on 20.02.2012.
  26. Nagarajan, S., Murugkar, H. V., Tosh, C., Behera, P., Khandia, R., Jain, R., Katare, M., Syed, Z., Tripati S. and Dubey, S. C. 2012. Comparison of a nucleoprotein gene based RT-PCR with real time RT-PCR for diagnosis of avian influenza in clinical specimens. Res. Vet. Sci. 93: 504-507.
  27. Nagarajan, S., Tosh, C., Murugkar, H. V., Venkatesh, G., Katare, M., Jain, R., Behera, P., Khandia, R., Tripathi, S., Kulkarni, D. D. and Dubey, S. C. 2010. Isolation and molecular characterization of a H5N1 virus isolated from a Jungle crow (Corvus macrohynchos) in India. Virus Genes. 41: 30-36.
  28. Nagarajan, S., Rajukumar, K., Tosh, C., Ramaswamy, V., Purohit, K., Saxena, G., Behera, P., Pattnaik, B., Pradhan, H. K., Dubey, S. C. 2009. Isolation and pathotyping of H9N2 avian influenza viruses in Indian poultry. Vet. Microbiol. 133: 154-163.
  29. Nagarajan, S., Murugkar, H.V., Tosh, C., Behera, P., Jain, R., Tripathi, S., Khandia, R., Gupta, V., Kulkarni, D. D., Dubey, S.C. (2009). Avian influenza virus (H5N1) in chickens in India. Vet. Rec. 164: 128.
  30. Kataria, J. M., Dhama, K., Nagarajan, S., Chakraborty, S., Kaushal, A. and Deb, R. 2013. Fowl adenoviruses causing hydropericardium syndrome in Poultry. Advances in Animal and Veterinary Sciences .1 (4S): 5-13.
  31. Kurmi, B., Murugkar, H. V., Nagarajan, S., Tosh, C., Dubey, S. C. and Manoj Kumar. 2013. Survivability of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus in poultry faeces at different temperatures. Indian Journal of Virology. 24: 272-277.
  32. Qureshi, M., Tosh, C., Nagarajan, S., Murugkar, H.V., Jain, R., Kulkarni, D.D. 2013. Molecular characterization of H5N1 avian influenza virus isolated in Tripura, 2011. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences. 83: 521-524.
  33. Mishra, N,, Kalaiyarasu, S., Nagarajan, S., Rao, M. V., George, A., Sridevi, R., Behera, S. P., Dubey, S. C., McCracken, T. and Newman, S. H. 2012. Serological evidence of West Nile virus infection in wild migratory and resident water birds in Eastern and Northern India. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 35: 591-598.
  34. Dubey, S.C., Dahal, N., Nagarajan, S., Tosh, C., Murugkar, H.V., Rinzin, K., Sharma, B., Jain, R., Katare, M., Patil, S., Khandia, R., Syed, Z., Tripathi, S., Behera, P., Kumar, M., Kulkarni, D.D., Krishna, L. 2012. Isolation and characterization of influenza A virus (subtype H5N1) that caused the first highly pathogenic avian influenza outbreak in chicken in Bhutan. Vet Microbiol. 155: 100-105.
  35. Syed, Z., Venkatesh, G., Murugkar, H.V., Bedekar, M. K., Nagarajan, S. and Dubey, S. C. 2012. Prokaryotic expression and characterization of recombinant M1 protein of an Indian H5N1 avian influenza virus. Ind. J. Anim. Sci. 82 (12): 1468–1471.
  36. Tosh C, Nagarajan S, Murugkar HV, Jain R, Behera P, Katare M, Kulkarni DD, Dubey SC. 2011. Phylogenetic evidence of multiple introduction of H5N1 virus in Malda district of West Bengal, India in 2008. Veterinary Microbiology 148:132-139.
  37. Tosh C, Murugkar HV, Nagarajan S, Tripathi S, Katare M, Jain R, Khandia R, Syed Z, Behera P, Patil S, Kulkarni DD, Dubey SC. 2011. Emergence of amantadine-resistant avian influenza H5N1 virus in India. Virus Genes 42:10-15.
  38. Gowthaman, V., Vanamayya, P. R., Nagarajan. S., Bhatia, S., Suba, S., Jain, R., Behera, P., Toch, C., Murugkar, H. V. and Dubey, S.C. (2010). Influence of dose of inocula on outcome of clinical disease in highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) infections - An experimental study. Avian Dis. 54: 576–580.
  39. Dubey, S. C., Nagarajan, S., Tosh, C., Bhatia, S. and Lal Krishna (2009). Avian Influenza: A long known disease and its current threat Ind. J. Anim. Sci. 79(2): 113-140.
  40. Tosh, C., Nagarajan, S., Behera, P., Rajukumar, K., Purohit, K., Kamal, R.P., Murugkar, H.V., Gounalan, S., Pattnaik, B., Vanamayya, P.R., Pradhan, H.K., Dubey, S.C. 2008. Genetic analysis of H9N2 avian influenza viruses isolated from India. Arch. Virol. 153: 1433-1439.
  41. Murugkar, H.V., Nagarajan, S., Tosh, C., Bhatia, S., Venkatesh, G., Jain, R., Kumar, S., Khandia, R., Pandey, M., Behera, P., Tripathy, S., Kulkarni, D. D., Dubey, S.C. 2008. H5N1 outbreaks in poultry in India. Vet Rec. 162, 255.
  42. Gounalan, S., Rajukumar, K., Bhatia, S., Sood, R., Nagarajan, S., Pattnaik, B. and Pradhan, H.K. 2008. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and polymerase chain reaction based surveillance of rabbit haemorrhagic disease in Indian and imported rabbits. Ind. J. Anim. Sci. 78: 263-265.
  43. Tosh, C., Murugkar, H.V., Nagarajan, S., Bhatia, S., Pateriya, A.K., Behera, P., Jain, R., Kumar, S., Khandia, R., Vanamayya, P.R., Dubey, S.C., Ahlawat, S.P.S. 2007. Outbreak of avian influenza virus H5N1 in India. Vet Rec. 161, 279.
  44. Kamal, R. P., Tosh, C., Pattnaik, B., Behera, P., Nagarajan, S., Gounalan, S., Shrivastava, N., Shankar, B.P. and Pradhan, H.K. 2007. Analysis of PB2 gene revealed Indian H5N1 influenza virus belong to mixed-migratory bird sub-lineage possessing amino acid lysine at position 627 of PB2 protein. Arch. Virol. 152(9):1637-1644.
  45. Pattnaik, B., Pateriya, A.K., Khandia, R., Tosh, C., Nagarajan, S., Gounalan, S., Murugkar, H.V., Shankar, B.P., Shrivastava, N., Behera, P., Bhagat, S., Peiris, J.S.M., Pradhan, H.K. 2006. Phylogenetic analysis revealed genetic similarity of the H5N1 avian influenza viruses isolated from HPAI outbreaks in chickens in Maharashtra, India with those isolated from swan in Italy and Iran in 2006. Curr. Sci. 91: 77-81.

Technical/Popular Articles

  1. Kumar M, Kalaiyarasu S, Senthil Kumar D, Bhat S, Rajukumar K, Nagarajan S and Venkatesh G. 2015. Apoptosis vis a vis viral pathogenesis. Livestock Line, 9 (1): 10-13.
  2. Venkatesh, G. and Nagarajan S 2014. Transboundary Animal Diseases: A SAARC Perspective. SAARC AgriNews 8(2): 4-5.
  3. Kumar, M., Senthil Kumar, D., Kalaiyarasu, S., Nagarajan S and Rajukumar, K. 2014. Innate immunity against viral infections. Livestock Line 8(2): 24-27.
  4. Kataria, J. M., Dhama, K., Nagarajan, S., Chakraborty, S., Kaushal, A. and Deb, R. 2013. Fowl adenoviruses causing hydropericardium syndrome in Poultry. Advances in Animal and Veterinary Sciences 1 (4S): 5-13.
  5. Tosh, C., Nagarajan, S., Manoj Kumar, Murugkar, H. V. and Kulkarni, D. D. (2013) Recent developments in avian influenza research, In: compendium of Veterinary Pathology Conference- 2013, 30th Annual conference of Indian Association of Veterinary Pathologists and National symposium on “Advances and Application of Diagnostic Pathology for Disease Management in Livestock, Poultry, Pet, Fish, Laboratory Animal and Wildlife,” College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, 21 - 23 November, 2013. pp 122-126.
  6. Dubey, S. C., Vanamayya, P. R., Tosh, C., Murugkar, H. V., Nagarajan, S., Bhatia, S. and Ahlawat, S. P. S. 2008. Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 infection detected in Manipur. ICAR News. 13(3): 20-21.
  7. Tosh, C., Murugkar, H. V., Nagarajan, S. and Dubey, S. C. 2008. Avian influenza: Concerns and Challenges. In Proceedings of MEDBIO-2008 & Third Industry – Academia Meet on Status of Medical Biotechnology research in the State of Madhya Pradesh: Past accomplishments, Current Trends and Challenges Ahead” held in Bhopal from February 14th to 16th, 2008. Eds. P. K. Mishra and K. K. Maudar. pp. 343 – 344.
  8. Vanamayya, P. R., Nagarajan, S. and Pradhan, H. K. 2005. Diagnosis and surveillance of avian influenza. Poultry line 2: 63-66.

Technical Manual

  1. Training manual. 2014. Eds. Raut, A. A., Nagarajan, S., Venkatesh, G., Mishra, A., Sood, R., Kumar, M. and Rajukumar, K. International Training cum Workshop on “Conventional and Molecular techniques for diagnosis of trans-boundary animal diseases” for the ASEAN countries organized at HSADL, IVRI, Bhopal from February 18 to March 7, 2014.
  2. Training manual on laboratory protocols. 2013. Eds. Rajukumar, K., Nagarajan, S., Pateriya, A. K. and Murugkar, H. V. SAARC regional training programme on ‘‘Molecular techniques in diagnosis of diseases of farm animals and poultry’ for SAARC countries organized at HSADL, IVRI, Bhopal from April 22 to May 1, 2013.
  3. Dubey, S. C., Nagarajan, S. and Murugkar, H. V. 2008. Training manual on “Diagnosis and Control of Bird Flu” prepared for training organized under Continuous Veterinary Education Program sponsored by Veterinary Council of India.

Book Chapter

  1. Tosh C and Nagarajan S (2014) Avian Influenza, In: Garg S.R. (ed.) Zoonoses: Viral, Rickettsial and Prion Diseases. Daya Publishing house, New Delhi, pp. 8-34. (ISBN: 978-93-5124-272-7).

Currently working on

Surveillance of Avian influenza among Indian and imported birds and animals and their products.

Principal Investigator

  1. Development and evaluation of referral group specific and subtype specific diagnostic reagents for avian influenza.

Co-Investigator

  1. Evaluation of H9N2 virus induced alteration in the progression of H5N1 virus infection in chickens.
  2. Molecular characterization of avian influenza viruses isolated in India.

Projects handled – Completed

Principal-Investigator

  1. Sero-Epidemiology and Molecular Diagnosis of Type A Influenza Virus in Poultry (Institute project).
  2. Development of molecular based diagnostic and enzyme immuno assay for caprine arthritis encephalitis virus infection in goats (Institute project).
  3. Pathogenic characterization of Indian avian influenza A viruses (Institute Project).

Co-Investigator

  1. Development and evaluation of protective efficacy of neuraminidase DIVA marker vaccines against Indian isolates of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses in chickens - an Indo-US collaborative research project under Agricultural Knowledge Initiative (AKI) in collaboration with SEPRL, USA.
  2. Molecular Epidemiology and Immunopathogenesis of Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis Virus (CAEV) Infection in Indian Goats (DBT funded Project).
  3. Impact of abiotic/biotic stress on the pathogenicity of H9N2 influenza A virus in chickens (Institute project).
  4. Development of Real Time PCR Assays for the Diagnosis of Exotic and Emerging infections of Animals and Birds (Institute project).
  5. Development of monoclonal antibody based immunoassay for diagnosis of Avian Influenza (Institute project).

Equal Opportunity for Persons with Disabilities

In accordance with the provisions of the Right of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 and Rules, the institute strives to provide opportunities and facilities to persons with disabilities to participate, perform and excel in their work on an equal basis in everyday life.